A09a A09b A09c A09d A09e A09f English : bastion, round bastion, almond shaped bastion, rounded bastion, tenailled bastion, mixed form bastion, rectangular Croatian : rondela, kružni bastion bastion, bademoliki bastion…
A08a A08b A08c English hollow (empty) bastion bastion, full (solid) bastion bastion, solid, with cat (cavalier) Croatian šuplji bastion, prazni bastion bastion, puni (čvrsti) bastion puni bastion s kavalirom Czech…
A07a: A07b: A07c: A07d: A07e: A07f: English : bastion (Old Italian system) bastion (New Italian system) bastion (old Dutch system) bastion (improved Dutch system) bastion (Vauban system) bastion (new Dutch…
Application: Ancient and modern fortifications were designed by the best available military engineers and designers. They were places of technological and logistic innovation, planned to be autonomous in case of…
In June 2024, the municipalities of Almeida, Marvao and Valença do Minho presented an official request for inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List for the Raia fortifications. This handover…
Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna, the Malta Heritage Trust, is a voluntary non-governmental organisation active in the field of heritage preservation. One of its principal objectives is to create awareness to encourage…
The International Fortress Council and EFFORTS are partner orgsanisations European Federation of Fortified Sites (EFFORTS) is the European network for fortified cities, forts and defence lines. EFFORTS members are cities, regions and knowledge…
The Coast Defence Study Group CDSG is a non-profit 501(3)(c) tax-exempt corporation dedicated to the promotion of the study of coast defenses and fortifications—primarily but not exclusively those of the…